Motorola developed a five phase approach called ‘DMAIC Model’ to achieve the highest level in the Six Sigma, i.e., 3.4 defects per million. The five phases are:

Define process goals in terms of key critical parameters (i.e. critical to quality or critical to production) on the basis of customer requirements or Voice Of Customer (VOC)

Measure the current process performance in context of goals

Analyze the current scenario in terms of causes of variations and defects

Improve the process by systematically reducing variation and eliminating defects

Control future performance of the process

Table 3 lists the important deliverables and tools used in each step of ‘DMAIC Model’. The subsequent sections brief the process involved in each phase.