In the middle of the 19th century, scientists studying physiology in Germany greatly influenced psychology. Helmholtz’s experiment with frogs is one of these effects.
Helmholtz showed that the perception of an external impulse in the brain is not immediate, it takes a certain time (Bernstein et al., 2006). However, the establishment of psychology as a science was with the work of Wilhelm Wundt. Wundt, who opened the first psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig in 1879, is considered the founder of scientific psychology.
According to Wundt, psychology should focus on the concept of “consciousness”. Consciousness includes all of a person’s subjective experiences. Wundt adopted the method of introspection while focusing on subjective experiences. Introspection means looking at one’s own subjective experiences. Wundt argued that while trying to understand consciousness, it is necessary to examine a whole by disassembling it. This approach was named “structuralism” by Wundt’s student, Edward Titchener, because they tried to describe the structure of consciousness. It is (Bernstein et al., 2006).
At the same time as Wundt, other German psychologists such as Hermann von Helmholtz and Gustav Fechner were also doing important studies on vision and other perceptions.
