Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
Deoxyribonucleic Acid – Structure, Organization and Various Types of DNA. The chemical structure that carries an individual’s genetic information is called DNA. In this course by Academy Europe, you will learn about the structure, organization, and types of DNA. For examinations, the phases of the cell cycle are of great…
Bioseparations Engineering
Bioseparations engineering refers to the systematic study of the scientific and engineering principles utilized for large-scale purification of biological products: biopharmaceuticals, biochemicals, foods, nutraceuticals and diagnostic reagents. Bioseparations engineering, both as an academic topic as well as an industrial practice has undergone significant growth and increase in importance in the…
Gene Expression Transcription and Translation
Transcription and translation convert a gene into protein. During this process, the genetic information of a gene, the DNA, is converted into RNA so that protein may be realized later on. This course by Academy Europe will provide you with exam-related information regarding this process, thus preparing you ideally for…
Amino Acids and Proteins
In the human organism, proteins undertake multiple and vital functions. Structural proteins are found in each and every cellular compartment. Intracellularly, motor proteins power the energy-dependent transportation of vesicles. Signal proteins receive and transmit information. Transport and storage proteins bind, for example, oxygen, and carry it to a location where…
Engineering Mathematics
This course by Academy Europe contains most of the material covered in a typical first year mathematics course in an engineering or science programme. It devotes Chapters 1–10 to consolidating the foundations of basic algebra, elementary functions and calculus. Chapters 11–17 cover the range of more advanced topics that are…
Discrete Mathematics
Discrete Mathematics is a branch of mathematics involving discrete elements that uses algebra and arithmetic. It is increasingly being applied in the practical fields of mathematics and computer science. It is a very good tool for improving reasoning and problem-solving capabilities. This tutorial explains the fundamental concepts of Sets, Relations and…
Biological Membranes
Biological Membranes are comprised of phospholipid bilayers that are formed when the nonpolar tails of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids interact with each other in a way that exposes their polar head groups to the aqueous extracellular environment. We will discuss how this thermodynamically driven formation is dictated by the hydrophobic effect…
RNA Basic Knowledge
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule, which is implicated in different biological roles such as coding, decoding, expression of genes and regulation. Biological reactions within cells are catalyzed by some RNA molecules, which control gene expression and communicate responses to cellular signals. The structure of RNA is similar to…