Imagine you’re following a recipe. Some steps are conditional, like “if the sauce is too thick, add water.” Others are repetitive, like “stir for five minutes.” These instructions control the flow of the cooking process. In programming, control flow structures give our programs a similar kind of intelligence, allowing them to make decisions and repeat actions.

This guide explains the two primary ways to control program flow in Pascal: making decisions with conditional statements and creating loops to repeat tasks.