Essay Questions
Essay Questions
- Describe the complete process of converting an analog audio signal into a digital signal using Pulse Code Modulation (PCM). Detail the roles of the Low Pass Filter, Sampler, Quantizer, and Encoder in the PCM transmitter.
- Compare and contrast the three primary sideband modulation techniques: Double Sideband Full Carrier (DSB-FC), Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier (DSB-SC), and Single Sideband Suppressed Carrier (SSB-SC). Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each in terms of power efficiency and bandwidth usage.
- Explain the structure and operation of a superheterodyne FM receiver. Your explanation should detail the function of each stage: the RF Tuner, RF Mixer (including the concept of Intermediate Frequency), IF Filter, Demodulator, and Audio Amplifier.
- Discuss the evolution from Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) to Delta Modulation (DM). Explain the core concept of Differential PCM and how Delta Modulation simplifies it, and describe the types of noise associated with DM (Slope Overload distortion and Granular noise).
- Compare the three main types of Earth orbits for communication satellites: Low Earth Orbit (LEO), Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), and Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO). Discuss their respective altitudes, transmission delays, signal strengths, and typical applications.
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